What are the advantages and disadvantages of sodium sulfur batteries?

Sodium-sulfur battery is one of the batteries with a rapid development momentum in recent years. Recently, many netizens asked the editor of Grepow what is a sodium-sulfur battery, what are the advantages and disadvantages of sodium-sulfur batteries and how are their applications, today this article is dedicated to you in detail Introduce what is a sodium-sulfur battery and the advantages, disadvantages and applications of a sodium-sulfur battery.

  1. What is a sodium flow battery

Sodium-sulfur batteries are composed of positive electrodes, negative electrodes, electrolytes, separators and shells. Unlike general secondary batteries (lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, etc.), sodium-sulfur batteries are composed of molten electrodes and solid electrolytes. The active material of the negative electrode is molten Metal sodium, the positive active material is liquid sulfur and sodium polysulfide molten salt.

Sodium sulfur battery power station

Second, the advantages of sodium sulfur batteries

  1. The theoretical energy density is large, up to 760Wh/kg (but currently only 150-240 Wh/kg);
  2. The charging and discharging efficiency is very high, up to almost 100% (typical value is 75-90%);
  3. Long cycle life, has achieved more than 4,500 charge and discharge cycles (typical value is 2,500 times);
  4. It can be discharged with high current and high power (the typical value of power density is 150~230W/kg);
  5. The raw materials are extremely rich, and the preparation cost is theoretically low, environmentally friendly and pollution-free;
  6. Good overcharge tolerance: In particular, the “flood storage” performance of sodium-sulfur batteries is very good. Even if the input current suddenly exceeds the rated power by 5-10 times, it will be released into the grid with stable power— This is especially useful for the smooth operation of large urban power grids.

In short: the sodium-sulfur battery produces large energy, high efficiency, saves materials, and can be used for a long time. The source of raw materials is very easy to obtain, and the preparation process is simple, and the weight is very light, so it is more convenient to use.see more:36v 100ah lithium ion battery

  1. Disadvantages of sodium-sulfur batteries
  2. The biggest disadvantage of sodium-sulfur batteries is that their safety is relatively poor. Since the raw materials are particularly flammable, special attention should be paid to safety issues;
  3. The use conditions are harsh, and there are still certain conditions when using sodium-sulfur batteries. It needs external heating and heating, and it is best to use vacuum insulation technology to use;
  4. Poor portability. As a convenient storage and charging device, sodium-sulfur batteries have poor mobility, and sodium-sulfur batteries are not very suitable for movement.
  5. Application of sodium sulfur battery

The few application cases of sodium-sulfur batteries are concentrated in the field of energy storage in fixed occasions, mainly for load balancing or load shaving in power systems, active/reactive power support for power transmission and distribution systems, and multi-functional electric energy storage systems , and various occasions such as uninterruptible power supply (UPS) or emergency power supply (EPS), power quality (PQ) maintenance, and wind/solar power generation optimization.

At present, there are hundreds of sodium-sulfur battery energy storage power stations in operation in the world, of which 63% are used for load balancing, 24% are used for load balancing + emergency power supply, and 13% are used for load balancing + uninterruptible power supply .

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